full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Svante Pääbo: DNA clues to our inner neanderthal
Unscramble the Blue Letters
There is another thing with those traits that we so easily observe in each other that I think is worthwhile to consider, and that is that, in a very literal sense, they're really on the surcfae of our bodies. They are what we just said — facial features, hair sttuucrre, skin color. There are also a number of features that vary between continents like that that have to do with how we mzbaoitlee food that we isnegt, or that have to do with how our immune systems deal with microbes that try to invade our bodeis. But so those are all ptars of our bodies where we very directly interact with our environment, in a direct confrontation, if you like. It's easy to imagine how particularly those parts of our bodies were quickly influenced by selection from the environment and shifted frequencies of genes that are involved in them. But if we look on other parts of our bodies where we don't directly interact with the eenivonrnmt — our kidneys, our livers, our hreats — there is no way to say, by just looking at these organs, where in the world they would come from.
Open Cloze
There is another thing with those traits that we so easily observe in each other that I think is worthwhile to consider, and that is that, in a very literal sense, they're really on the _______ of our bodies. They are what we just said — facial features, hair _________, skin color. There are also a number of features that vary between continents like that that have to do with how we __________ food that we ______, or that have to do with how our immune systems deal with microbes that try to invade our ______. But so those are all _____ of our bodies where we very directly interact with our environment, in a direct confrontation, if you like. It's easy to imagine how particularly those parts of our bodies were quickly influenced by selection from the environment and shifted frequencies of genes that are involved in them. But if we look on other parts of our bodies where we don't directly interact with the ___________ — our kidneys, our livers, our ______ — there is no way to say, by just looking at these organs, where in the world they would come from.
Solution
- bodies
- parts
- metabolize
- structure
- environment
- hearts
- ingest
- surface
Original Text
There is another thing with those traits that we so easily observe in each other that I think is worthwhile to consider, and that is that, in a very literal sense, they're really on the surface of our bodies. They are what we just said — facial features, hair structure, skin color. There are also a number of features that vary between continents like that that have to do with how we metabolize food that we ingest, or that have to do with how our immune systems deal with microbes that try to invade our bodies. But so those are all parts of our bodies where we very directly interact with our environment, in a direct confrontation, if you like. It's easy to imagine how particularly those parts of our bodies were quickly influenced by selection from the environment and shifted frequencies of genes that are involved in them. But if we look on other parts of our bodies where we don't directly interact with the environment — our kidneys, our livers, our hearts — there is no way to say, by just looking at these organs, where in the world they would come from.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
modern humans |
8 |
dna sequences |
4 |
genetic variation |
4 |
earlier forms |
4 |
genetic variants |
3 |
common origin |
3 |
humans emerged |
3 |
present day |
3 |
common ancestor |
2 |
million years |
2 |
genetic differences |
2 |
absolute difference |
2 |
live today |
2 |
chinese individual |
2 |
people living |
2 |
neanderthal genome |
2 |
day humans |
2 |
ngrams of length 3
collocation |
frequency |
present day humans |
2 |
modern humans emerged |
2 |
Important Words
- bodies
- color
- confrontation
- continents
- deal
- direct
- easily
- easy
- environment
- facial
- features
- food
- frequencies
- genes
- hair
- hearts
- imagine
- immune
- influenced
- ingest
- interact
- invade
- involved
- kidneys
- literal
- livers
- metabolize
- microbes
- number
- observe
- organs
- parts
- quickly
- selection
- sense
- shifted
- skin
- structure
- surface
- systems
- traits
- vary
- world
- worthwhile